Confined Space

“It must be remembered that conditions in Confined Spaces are always very dangerous & life-threatening”.

Facts about Confined Space:

- Many workers & rescuers were injured & killed while working in Confined Space

- Confined Space contains toxic gases & hazardous substances so First Aid, rescue, evacuation & emergency response activities are very difficult to do

- The air quality is very poor & the amount of oxygen is not sufficient

- Fires & explosions always happen

- There are always disturbances in the form of smoke, noise, flooding, slippery, heat/cold, radiation, short circuit & darkness

- Safety equipment is often unusable

- Communication often can’t be done by workers, officers & Emergency Response Team

Some things to do in Confined Space:

- Hazards, especially in the form of toxic gases & flammable atmospheres, must be identified & evaluated

- Air & oxygen quality must be tested

- Permit to Work & PPE must always be owned & used by workers

- Fires & explosions must be prevented & avoided

- All hazardous energy sources (electric, mechanical, hydraulic, thermal & others) must be removed, controlled & isolated

- The size of the entrance & exit must be large enough for the Rescue Team to enter using the proper PPE

Information: https://www.samson-tiara.co.id/Course/Confined-Space-Safety-Entrant-Attendant/

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Rescue Craft

Rescue Craft is the most important part of the Safety Mission, Search & Rescue Operations at sea which can assist to rescue people affected by incidents. Rescue Craft is used to prioritize actions & provide medical assistance.

The reasons why the Rescue Craft is used:

- It is efficient & lightweight

- It can be launched from the beach regardless of the weather

- It can carry all the necessary equipment to help everyone

- The equipment can be released easily

- It can be deployed faster than ordinary lifeboats

- It can save people without wasting precious time

- It can accommodate more people & equipment

By applicable Safety Regulations, some of these Life Safety Equipments must be placed in the Rescue Craft so the Rescue Process can be carried out properly:

- Paddle (made of wood)

- Knife

- Ax

- Hook

- Compass

- Lamp

- Electric torch

- Signal

- First Aid Kit

- Portable Fire Extinguisher

Information: https://www.samson-tiara.co.id/Course/FRC-Coxswain/

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Hypothermia

Hypothermia is an emergency & dangerous condition that occurs when humans are exposed to cold & very cold temperatures. Hypothermia can also occur when humans feel cold due to rain, sweat & submerged in cold water.

Some other things that cause Hypothermia:

- Wet clothes

- Insufficient heating

- The room is too cold

- Being outdoors for a long time

When exposed to cold temperatures, the human body begins to lose heat more quickly, then the body temperature becomes lower & eventually the energy in the body will be exhausted & lost.

Consequences of too low body temperature & loss of energy:

- Disorders of the brain, so they become confused, can't think & lose their memory

- Disturbances in the body & muscles, so they can't move, can't talk & feel very tired

- Disorders of the skin that causes shaking & the skin becomes red

Some things that can be done to treat Hypothermia:

- Take the victim to a dry & warm place

- Use warm & dry clothes & blankets to warm the chest, neck & head

- CPR

- Medical treatment

Information: https://www.samson-tiara.co.id/Course/T-FOET/

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Sea Survival

Humans are tropical creatures & to survive outside a tropical environment, humans must use clothing & shelter to prevent body cooling.

Incidents can occur at sea because the victims:

- Can't swim & then drown in the sea

- Exposed to cold weather & water

- Not using PPE & rescue equipment (life jackets, wetsuits, life rafts & more)

Things to remember:

- Cold air & water will irritate the skin, muscles, breathing, nerves & heart (usually called cold shock)

- Breathing that is not done properly & uncontrolled will disrupt blood flow, nervous system & heart

- Disorders of the heart when at sea can lead to stroke & heart attack

- Inability to control breathing resulting in drowning

- Various disturbances in the body will interfere with swimming performance & other actions that are important for survival

- Disturbed body temperature (Hypothermia) can cause death

- Hypothermia can cause confusion, disorientation, amnesia, cardiac arrhythmias, loss of consciousness & death

Simple tips:

- If you don't need to be in the sea, try to keep your body dry & warm

- If you need to jump to the sea, enter the sea slowly

Information: https://www.samson-tiara.co.id/Course/Basic-Sea-Survival-TEEX/

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Advanced Fire Fighting

Fires & explosions occurring in all companies & industries cause death, injury & property damage. The fires & explosions occur for many reasons:

- Employees are not aware of the dangers & risks

- Combustible items (dust, wood, chemicals, metals & more)

- Hot work (welding, brazing, baking, heating, soldering & more)

- Flammable gases & liquids (oil & others)

- Equipment, machinery & heavy equipment

- Damage to various items & facilities

- Electricity (power lines, cables, overloaded outlets, extension cords, overloaded circuits, static discharge & more)

Tips for preventing fires & explosions:

- All employees must know the dangers & risks

- All workers must have Permit To Work

- Every job must be supervised

- All dangerous items must be stored & secured in a separate place

- All fire sources must be controlled & separated from the workplace & employees

- Provide & use PPE

- Cleaning & maintenance must always be done

- Separate unused equipment from the mains

- Don’t use an extension cord

- All parts of the company must always be checked & maintained

- Report all things that happen in the company

- Establish fire prevention & emergency procedures

- All employees must take safety & fire courses

Information: https://www.samson-tiara.co.id/Course/Advanced-Firefighting-TEEX/

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